Multi-Objective Patient Appointment Scheduling Framework (MO-PASS): a data-table input simulation–optimization approach

Abstract

This paper introduces a Multi-Objective Patient Appointment Scheduling (MO-PASS) framework integrating optimization, data exchange, and discrete-event simulation. The approach uses Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) to minimize total service time and maximize the number of admitted patients. A cancer clinic case study demonstrates the superiority of the proposed framework over heuristic benchmarks.